Korcula is built on a small peninsula which narrows the passage between the island and the mainland to bare 1270 metres. The very possibility of the control of navigation of galleys and sailing boats along the eastern coast of the Adriatic at this place was the cause of the foundation of the small town-fortress, which issued this important service to various masters.

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In its present form it develops rapidly from the 13th century, the century of the proclamation of the Statute, coming of the dukes from the Venetian family Zorzi, the century of Marko Polo.

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The most important cultural event is the historical and traditional chivalrous game which is called "Moreska". The sword dance Moreska, is world famous folk drama / dance, which used to be played all over Mediterranean it is now only performed in Korcula. It has been performed in Korcula since the 15th century and is of Spanish origin.